Why do young children bite?

 

The biting may be a normal developmental phase for infants and toddlers, with virtually no long-lasting developmental significance.

 

Infants

 

For infants, developmental theorists suggest that biting is probably a form of exploration–infants use their mouths to explore because it is one of the most developed parts of their bodies.

 

Toddlers

 

As with infants, biting in toddlers between 12 and 36 months old is a form of communication (i.e., to communicate frustration while learning social, language, and self-control skills).

 

Preschoolers

 

Occasional or rare biting from preschoolers may occur for some of the same reasons as it does for infants and toddlers–to exert control over a situation, for attention, as a self-defense strategy, or out of extreme frustration and anger. Frequent biting after a child turns 3, however, may indicate other behavior problems, because by that time many children have the communication skills necessary to relate their needs without biting.

 

What are some of the symptoms of B12 deficiency?

 

B12 deficiency can be caused by several things including:

 

·Memory loss and/or disorientation.

·Migraine headaches.

·General feeling of fatigue.

· Itchy or tingling tongue.

· Eye twitch, usually in one eye or the other.

· White spots in the skin, resulting from melatonin becoming absent in the area.

· Facial pain, usually on only one side of the face at a time.

· Sores at the corners of the mouth, sometimes extending along the edge of the lip.

· Tingling along the back of one or both thighs, staring at the hips and shooting downward.

· Shortness of breath, but without chest pain. This can occur when walking just a few yards.

· Sharp stabbing, tingling pain in the palm of one or both hands.

· Nerve shock in the side of the body. It can be felt coming on a few seconds before it hits, and then it hits almost like a mild but deep electric shock and quickly subsides.

Rotavirus in baby

 

Rotavirus is a common virus among infants and children. Rotavirus occurs most often in the winter and spring, usually in the months between November and May. Rotavirus is very contagious, spreading easily from children who are already infected to other children.

 

Rotavirus in baby symptoms

 

Rotavirus disease usually starts with fever, an upset stomach, and vomiting, and is followed by diarrhea. Rotavirus is a very common cause of gastroenteritis in infants

Diarrhea and sometimes vomiting as well

Fever of38C(100.4F) or above

Tummy ache

The symptoms of diarrhea usually clear up in five to seven days, and in most cases no longer than two weeks.

Average Yearly Gain In Length

Year

Inches

Centimeters

1st year

9 in/yr

25 cm/yr

2nd year

4.5 in/yr

12.5 cm/yr

3yrs – puberty

2 in/yr

5-6 cm/yr

puberty

4.5 in/yr

12.5 cm/yr

average monthly weight gain for babies

Age

Pounds

Kilograms

0-3 months

2.2 lbs/mo

1 kg/mo

3-6 months

1.1 lbs/mo

1/2 kg/mo

6-9 months

3/4 lb/mo

1/3 kg/mo

9-12 months

1/2 lb/mo

1/4 kg/mo

 

Average Daily Weight Gain for baby

Age

Ounces

Grams

0-3 months

1 oz

26-31 gm

3-6 months

1/2 oz

17-18 gm

6-9 months

1/3 oz

12-13 gm

9-12 months

1/4 oz

9 gm

1-3 years

1/4 oz

7-9 gm

4-6 years

1/8 – 1/4 oz

6 gm

Herbal medicines may hurt children

The eight of the most commonly used herbal supplements — echinacea, ephedra, garlic, gingko, ginseng, kava, valerian andSt. John’swort — which can interfere with or increase the effects of some drugs, affect blood pressure or heart rhythm, or cause increased bleeding. Herbal medicines may be risky for kids

Supplement

Why It is Taken

Risk During Surgery

Echinacea

To boost the immune system and is commonly taken during cold and flu season

Decreases effectiveness of immuno-suppressive therapies

Ephedia

For weight loss, energy

Increased heart rate and blood pressure, risk of stroke and heart arrhythmias

Garlic

For cardiovascular health, including lowering cholesterol

Increased risk of bleeding

Gingko

To improve mental sharpness, anxiety, depression, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), high  blood pressure

May increase risk of bleeding

Ginseng

Reportedly protects the body against stress, improves energy

Lowers blood sugar levels, may increase the risk of bleeding

Kava

Anxiety and Insomnia

May increase the sedative  aid sleep effects of anesthetics used during surgery and other drugs

St. John’swort

Mood enhancer and anti-depressive

May affect the way many drugs are metabolized in the body

Valerian

To aid sleep

May increase sedative effect of anesthetics

Eye Exercises for Children

 

Spending time on eye exercises can be extremely beneficial. Through simple eye movement exercises, your child can improve the strength of his eyes.

 

 Eye Exercises Eye-Strengthening Exercises for Children

 

Basic Eye Exercises

 

Before asking a child to do more advanced eye exercises, you may want to warm his eyes up with some basic stretches. These exercises will strengthen the eye muscles and help the child focus. First, have the child move his eyes upwards as far as he can, and then downwards as far as he can. Repeat this three or four times, then have him blink quickly several times to relax the eyes.

 

Next, do the same thing but to the right and left. Hold one pencil to your left, and one to your right, at eye level. Adjust the distance so that the child can see the pencils clearly without straining when looking to the right or left. Have the child focus on the left pencil for one to two seconds, and then the right pencil for one to two seconds. Repeat a few times, then have him blink quickly and close the eyes to relax.

 

Finish by relaxing the eyes. Have the child sit at a table and rest his elbows on the table. Have the child rub the palms of his hands together, and then place his cupped palms over his eyes. Let the child rest in this position for about 30 seconds.

 

Exercises for Inattentiveness

Continue reading »

Tips for Keeping Your Kid’s Vision Healthy

 

Protecting Your Kid’s Vision

 

In the last 30 years near-sightedness (myopia) has increased from 25% to 42% in theUnited States. It has been indicated that these rising numbers are directly connected to spending more time in front of screens.

 

As our kids spend more time in from of digital screens, it is imperative that we teach our children and ourselves to take care of our eyes.

 

Tips for Keeping Your Kid’s Vision Healthy

 

Here are a few tips that will keep your kid’s vision healthy.

 

 regular eye exercises

regular eye exercises 眼保健操

·Limit Kid’s Access to Screens: Easier said then done, but you can do your best to limit screen time as much as possible. One way to do this is to only allow your child to use the computer or phone for quick things like texting (this doesn’t include schoolwork). Make sure that the screen (especially a handheld device) is at least a forearms distance from their face, and don’t allow them to play games or watch videos on the device.

 

·Make the computer area ergonomic for your child: If you sit at your desk all day then your chair and desk are designed for you. When your child has to do homework assignments (which take longer then the rule mentioned above) adjust your chair to accomedate them. You can also get a computer desk that can be easily adjusted to their height.

Having a work environment that you child is comfortable in will reduce strain on their body (especially the back, shoulders and neck). This in turn will also help reduce visual stress.

 

·Teach Your Kids How to Rest Their Eyes and How to do Eye Exercises: Teach your kids how to use the power of 10 to relax their eyes. There are a number of other exercises you can teach them. InChinaregular eye exercises are part of the day of every Chinese schoolchild. At set intervals throughout the day they will all stop what they’re doing and exercise their eyes.

Protecting your child’s vision for sports

 

Of the thousands of eye injuries that occur daily , 90% are preventable. Sports – Youngsters are involved in as many as 170,000 sport-related injuries yearly. Coaches and parents in saving sight work together to improve conditions and to prevent sport-related eye injuries. Eye protection is a must for numerous sports and games.

 

Each day, your child likely participates in some physical activity, whether it is kicking a ball at recess or participating in a formal sports league. Seeing well ensures that they are always playing at their best. Protecting the eyes is important as well, since injuries can happen at any age.

 

Parents should ensure that protective eyewear be used for high-risk activities, such as hockey. Visors to protect the eyes and face are always a good idea.  Protective sports glasses are useful for racquet sports, like squash.

 

Some children do need glasses to see properly. For certain sports, wearing regular glasses may be a challenge though and other alternatives could be considered. Sports glasses can be used for sports like bicycling and basketball. For water sports, prescription swim goggles may be appropriate. Contact lenses are also a consideration for children who are active in competitive sports. While there is no specific age requirement for when children can start wearing contact lenses, the child should be mature enough to insert and remove the contact lenses themselves. As well, they need to be responsible enough to keep the lenses clean and disinfected.

 

If your child is injured, it is important to assess the risk of eye damage to determine whether further attention is required. Whenever that has been a direct blow to the eye or the adjacent region, an immediate visit to your optometrist is warranted.  They will determine if there is any internal damage to the eye, such as retinal detachments or bleeding inside the eye. Sometimes, the impact can even cause a “blow-out fracture” where the bony structure that protects the eye gets damaged. Certain head injuries may also affect the eye. If your child suffers a fall or blow to the head, a visit to your optometrist may be important, particularly if there is any change to their vision.

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